Cerebrovascular Disease Mortality Trends in Brazil: An In-Depth Joinpoint Analysis

Background Cerebrovascular disease is the second leading cause of death and third disability following heart disease. In 2019, there were over 101 million people living with a stroke 12.2 incidents globally. For past three decades, has remained in Brazil, causing 100,000 fatalities annually, along numerous functional impairments among those who survive. The Brazilian healthcare system witnessed notable advancements last decade, including establishment additional hospitals rise count professionals specializing cardiovascular neurological surgery. However, exists gap research landscape for continuous comprehensive studies aimed at exploring evolving mortality rates related to cerebrovascular diseases, which one included data up 2019. This study address this by meticulously analyzing trends Brazil from 2000 2021, variables age, sex, state residence, geographic region. Methods descriptive, ecological, time series study. Nationwide annual used period 2000-2021. Age-adjusted (AAMRs) direct standardization, encompassing above 20 years calculated expressed per persons. Mortality assessed using joinpoint regression analysis calculating percentage change (APC) its corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) across categories region residence. Results decreased sex analyzed years. AAMR as follows: males females (95 deaths/100,000 52 inhabitants), (108 63 (83 44 inhabitants). most substantial reduction occurred 30-39-year age group (APC: -4.10), while smallest decline was observed 20-29-year -1.44). All five macro-regions demonstrated statistically significant downward AAPC values rates. south midwest regions stable rate, denoted same APC (-4.05 -3.11, respectively). north northeast exhibited an increase AAMR, followed decrease 0.68 -1.42 2.63 -2.35, Conclusions Our revealed trend diverse demographic groups macro-regions. Females experienced more compared males. Despite higher individuals aged 50 above, all displayed marked decrease. can be attributed policy interventions enhancing delivery, increased awareness, healthier diets lifestyles. With regard macro-regions, southern zone northern part. could achieved through focus on prevention measures efforts toward mitigating disparities inequalities between